Anthrax toxin: channel-forming activity of protective antigen in planar phospholipid bilayers.
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چکیده
منابع مشابه
The Diphtheria Toxin Channel-forming T Domain Translocates Its Own NH2-Terminal Region Across Planar Bilayers
The T domain of diphtheria toxin, which extends from residue 202 to 378, causes the translocation of the catalytic A fragment (residues 1-201) across endosomal membranes and also forms ion-conducting channels in planar phospholipid bilayers. The carboxy terminal 57-amino acid segment (322-378) in the T domain is all that is required to form these channels, but its ability to do so is greatly au...
متن کاملReply to Yamini and Nestorovich: Alternate clamped states of the anthrax toxin protective antigen channel.
Yamini and Nestorovich (1) recently commented on our article in PNAS (2). In their letter, they weigh in on two issues with the previously reported (3, 4) alternate conductance substate of the protective antigen (PA) translocase channel. The first point they raised was whether the conductance substate was a clamped state of the PA channel’s phenylalanine clamp (φ-clamp) site. We believe that su...
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Bacillus anthracis secretes three polypeptides: protective antigen (PA), lethal factor (LF), and edema factor (EF), which interact at the surface of mammalian cells to form toxic complexes. LF and EF are enzymes that target substrates within the cytosol; PA provides a heptameric pore to facilitate LF and EF transport into the cytosol. Other than administration of antibiotics shortly after expos...
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Previous studies have shown that symmetric tetraalkylammonium ions affect, in a voltage-dependent manner, the conductance of membranes containing many channels formed by the PA65 fragment of anthrax toxin. In this paper we analyze this phenomenon at the single-channel level for tetrabutylammonium ion (Bu4N+). We find that Bu4N+ induces a flickery block of the PA65 channel when present on either...
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The significant threat posed by biological agents (e.g. anthrax, tetanus, botulinum, and diphtheria toxins) (Inglesby, T. V., O'Toole, T., Henderson, D. A., Bartlett, J. G., Ascher, M. S., Eitzen, E., Friedlander, A. M., Gerberding, J., Hauer, J., Hughes, J., McDade, J., Osterholm, M. T., Parker, G., Perl, T. M., Russell, P. K., and Tonat, K. (2002) J. Am. Med. Assoc. 287, 2236-2252) requires i...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
سال: 1989
ISSN: 0027-8424,1091-6490
DOI: 10.1073/pnas.86.7.2209